{"id":1566,"date":"2026-08-20T16:06:52","date_gmt":"2026-08-20T16:06:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/?p=1566"},"modified":"2026-08-20T16:10:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-20T16:10:48","slug":"automated-design-of-low-voltage-electrical-installations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/blog\/automated-design-of-low-voltage-electrical-installations\/","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp trong b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n nay cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian kho\u1ea3ng 30-70%. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf LV t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng CAD\/CAE \u0111i\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 EPLAN Electric P8, AutoCAD Electrical, SEE Electrical, v.v.) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1568\" src=\"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Automated-Design-of-Low-Voltage-Electrical-Installations.webp\" alt=\"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n LV t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n (CAD ho\u1eb7c CAE \u0111i\u1ec7n) \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, ch\u00fang ta tham chi\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a IEC c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1.000V AC (ho\u1eb7c 1.500V DC) \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n, trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC), \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft, v.v.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u2014 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00e8n k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00fang, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u2014 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 xem ch\u00fang c\u00f3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7).<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong b\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9p \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng 2D ho\u1eb7c 3D, xem x\u00e9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u2014 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u00e1p, danh s\u00e1ch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v.v. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong khi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, n\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng: V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf LV th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e3n t\u00ednh m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n<th>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/th>\n<th>C\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>L\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>D\u00e2y sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n khi ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng + ki\u1ec3m tra quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf; g\u00e2y \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u cho b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/td>\n<td>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u2014 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>H\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n + t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 30-70%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1ebd theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td>\n<td>M\u1eabu c\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n duy nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sai s\u00f3t trong danh s\u00e1ch linh ki\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sai<\/td>\n<td>BOM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u2014 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n sao ch\u00e9p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed sai s\u00f3t do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i \u2014 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n do thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c tr\u00ean s\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2014 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1569\" src=\"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/The-Automated-Design-Workflow-Step-by-Step.webp\" alt=\"Quy tr\u00ecnh Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, T\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Quy tr\u00ecnh Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, T\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t<\/h2>\n<p>L\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf LV ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1eabu c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f9ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 (t\u1ea3i: \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, b\u1ed9 gia nhi\u1ec7t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea7u dao, r\u01a1 le \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed theo th\u00f4ng tin th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i d\u00e2y bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2013 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1eebng d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng macro cho ph\u00e9p ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i m\u1edf, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc \u2013 lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea3i (ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60204-1, b\u1ea3ng NEC ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t).<\/li>\n<li>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t hai chi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c ba chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i, b\u1ea3ng c\u00e1p, danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e2y, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u BOM v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<p>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng CAD\/CAE \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/th>\n<th>\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh<\/th>\n<th>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>EPLAN Electric P8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>D\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0nh; th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd (macro, script), t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc<\/td>\n<td>Nh\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, OEM c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>AutoCAD Electrical<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i AutoCAD; giao di\u1ec7n quen thu\u1ed9c, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111a ng\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SEE Electrical<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng; h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee1 trung, chuy\u00ean gia \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>EPLAN Pro Panel \/ SolidWorks Electrical<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n 3D v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 kh\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e1y m\u00f3c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00edch h\u1ee3p 3D<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ETAP \/ DIgSILENT (c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n)<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, ti\u1ec7n \u00edch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>EPLAN hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong khi AutoCAD Electrical \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Autodesk. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c T\u00ednh N\u0103ng C\u1ed1t L\u00f5i Gi\u00fap Ho\u00e0n Th\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7c<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (nh\u01b0 danh m\u1ee5c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p) v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>Macro l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ri\u00eang theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (DRC) cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u00eam c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00e9o c\u0169ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00e9o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9a d\u00e2y cu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean RW cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3ng k\u00ea v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o BOM ch\u1ee9a t\u00ean b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<br \/>\nRW cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 in trong b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1570\" src=\"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Standards-That-Make-Automation-Possible.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1c Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n Gi\u00fap T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a Tr\u1edf N\u00ean C\u00f3 Th\u1ec3\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n Gi\u00fap T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a Tr\u1edf N\u00ean C\u00f3 Th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\n<th>Ph\u1ea1m vi<\/th>\n<th>Vai tr\u00f2 trong T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IEC 81346<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tham chi\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (-Q1, -K1, -F1) m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IEC 60204-1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c<\/td>\n<td>C\u01a1 s\u1edf quy t\u1eafc cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e1y (b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111i d\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IEC 61439<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng\/t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p cho quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c minh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IEC 61082 \/ IEC 81355<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \/ k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IEC 60947 \/ UL 489<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p (c\u1ea7u dao, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi logic \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IEEE 315 \/ IEC 60617<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda t\u1ef1 do sang d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h2>D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb: N\u1ec1n T\u1ea3ng C\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda sau n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 EPLAN Data Portal ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n CAD t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn (bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn).<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mang v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 BOM) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Khi th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 (nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/blog\/circuit-breaker-manufacturers-automation\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7u dao<\/a> c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh) gi\u00fap t\u00edch h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng: d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai s\u00f3t trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i do sai s\u00f3t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb H\u1ea1 Th\u1ebf: T\u1eeb MCC \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng bao ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u1ed9p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 61439: k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thanh c\u00e1i, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1: bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp DOL, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng sao - tam gi\u00e1c, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 VSD, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c macro ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60204-1: m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, PLC I\/O, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ea1ch an to\u00e0n \u2013 \u0111i d\u00e2y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn: ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1eafm c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>T\u1eeb Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: B\u00e0n giao Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a v\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u1eed l\u00fd d\u00e2y: danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e2y s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft, t\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00e9p d\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li>In nh\u00e3n: s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i: b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed thanh \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra: nh\u1edd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m tra, th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean ghi ch\u00fa.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: v\u00ec m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>L\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: Th\u1eddi gian, Sai s\u00f3t, Chi ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong ng\u00e0nh t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf LV t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh):<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n<th>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/td>\n<td>Nhanh h\u01a1n 30-70% (l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qua macro)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sai s\u00f3t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\/t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3m 50-90% (DRC ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf s\u00f3t)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u2014 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a BOM<\/td>\n<td>G\u1ea7n 100% \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sao ch\u00e9p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>100% \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u00e0n giao cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y \u2014 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u00e2y v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0i b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m s\u1ebd thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ti\u1ec1n nh\u1edd gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c &amp; Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t khi tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a chu tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi).<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; n\u1ebfu th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd b\u1ecb sai s\u00f3t.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf cho l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; trong khi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1eabu c\u00f4ng ty, quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, th\u00f3i quen v\u1ebd k\u00e9m s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9m.<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd di s\u1ea3n: c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf LV t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ee3p l\u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (EPLAN cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\/m\u00e1y m\u00f3c; AutoCAD Electrical cho t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n).<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp khung l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: m\u1eabu kinh doanh, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (\u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean IEC 81346), th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n macro cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau.<\/li>\n<li>Tri\u1ec3n khai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u2014 m\u1eabu v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1p, in nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i khi c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<h3>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u bao g\u1ed3m EPLAN Electric P8 (ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c), AutoCAD Electrical (\u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n), SEE Electrical (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea7m trung), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p 3D nh\u01b0 EPLAN Pro Panel v\u00e0 SolidWorks Electrical. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y, ki\u1ec3m tra quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o BOM v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h3>Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 \u00e1p?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m IEC 60204-1 (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c), IEC 61439 (b\u1ed9 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 \u00e1p), IEC 81346 (k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tham chi\u1ebfu), IEC 61082 (t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 IEC 60617 (k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda) c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 IEC 60947 v\u00e0 UL 489. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<h3>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m bao nhi\u00eau th\u1eddi gian?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho th\u1ea5y chu k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 30% \u0111\u1ebfn 70% v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i macro (nh\u01b0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n). L\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 50% \u0111\u1ebfn 90% do ki\u1ec3m tra quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thay v\u00ec trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0o l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng trong v\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h3>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng; n\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u00e0 v\u1ebd v\u1eddi nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eabn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, logic an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i d\u00e2y, ki\u1ec3m tra, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. Do \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n cho gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u00edt th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u2014 do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eplan-software.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">EPLAN \u2014 N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n Electric P8 v\u00e0 Pro Panel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/autocad-electrical\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Autodesk \u2014 AutoCAD Electrical<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IEC 60204-1 \u2014 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c; IEC 61439 B\u1ed9 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 \u00e1p; IEC 81346 K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nfpa.org\/codes-and-standards\/nfpa-70-standard-development\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NFPA 70 (NEC) \u2014 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ea1 \u00e1p (b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Hoa K\u1ef3)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ul.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UL \u2014 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p UL 489 v\u00e0 UL 508A<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.see-electrical.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IGN (SEE Electrical) \u2014 Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m CAD\/CAE \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 IEC 81346 v\u00e0 IEC 61439 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng v\u1eady: thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Traditionally, designing low-voltage electrical systems was an arduous and time-consuming process that consisted of weeks upon weeks of engineering schematics, checking circuits, and ordering hardware from meticulous lists made in spreadsheets. The advent of automated tools for designing low-voltage systems has considerably changed the situation. Automated software now allows for automatic creation of diagrams, selection [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1566"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1574,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1566\/revisions\/1574"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1566"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}