{"id":1223,"date":"2026-07-20T16:22:03","date_gmt":"2026-07-20T16:22:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/?p=1223"},"modified":"2026-07-20T16:22:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T16:22:07","slug":"do-you-need-to-pat-test-new-equipment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/blog\/do-you-need-to-pat-test-new-equipment\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra PAT cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf mua ba th\u00f9ng tr\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u0169 k\u1ef9. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua ki\u1ec3m tra PAT tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hay kh\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec7u d\u1ea5u CE v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb cho ch\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng. Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb thanh tra b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua b\u1edfi quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng an to\u00e0n. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 coi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra PAT hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec lu\u1eadt y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

\"B\u1ea1n<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Quy T\u1eafc Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 N\u00f3i<\/h2>\n

T\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i N\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u0103m 1989, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi C\u01a1 quan Y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 An to\u00e0n (HSE). Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh 4(2) n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nguy hi\u1ec3m trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.\u201d Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m tra PAT b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian ki\u1ec3m tra. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00e1nh nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 Quy t\u1eafc Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a IET v\u1ec1 Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec7n trong D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1edfi Vi\u1ec7n K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (IET) ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham kh\u1ea3o cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cki\u1ec3m tra PAT\u201d \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. B\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra PAT, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n trong bao b\u00ec g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea5p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u1edfi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00edch c\u1eafm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra xem thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c nguy hi\u1ec3m, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

\"Nh\u1eefng<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ed9t Ki\u1ec3m tra Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Bao g\u1ed3m so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Ki\u1ec3m tra PAT Ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u1edbi. B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 Ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m<\/th>\nAi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/th>\nKhi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c)<\/strong><\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m tra ph\u00edch c\u1eafm \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc, ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi ch\u00e9p, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea5p trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea5p \u2014 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, \u1ea5m \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc trong b\u1ebfp, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0. C\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (ki\u1ec3m tra PAT)<\/strong><\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m tra h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m PAT \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n: \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea5t (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i I), \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua\/kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9.<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1c T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n: Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb M\u1edbi v\u00e0 Khi n\u00e0o Ki\u1ec3m tra H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee7<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra PAT cho m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o. C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n