{"id":1021,"date":"2026-07-02T18:35:41","date_gmt":"2026-07-02T18:35:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/?p=1021"},"modified":"2026-07-02T18:35:45","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T18:35:45","slug":"how-to-test-a-circuit-breaker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/benlongkj.com\/vi\/blog\/how-to-test-a-circuit-breaker\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed7i khi c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111\u00e8n nh\u1ea5p nh\u00e1y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khi b\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng. c\u1ea7u dao<\/strong>; ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u dao. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan trong v\u00f2ng n\u0103m (5) ph\u00fat. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u1ea7u dao m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u1eebng c\u1ea7u dao th\u00f4ng qua d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3: ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u dao b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u dao b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7u dao s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u00f2n theo th\u1eddi gian; ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee1ng kim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch; v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7u dao tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u1edf m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ghi tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7u dao v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u0111\u00fang th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ghi tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c An to\u00e0n \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ESFI), c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng; do \u0111\u00f3, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\"H\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc: C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7u dao trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea7u dao l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (DMM) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf; vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u1eaft c\u1ea7u dao ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/span>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i mang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u1ea7u dao nh\u00e1nh v\u00ec ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra. H\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/li>\n
  2. Th\u00e1o c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n nghi ng\u1edd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span>\u00a0H\u00e3y d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u00f3 ra kh\u1ecfi thanh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 do, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 k\u1eb9p gi\u1eef ho\u1eb7c v\u00edt l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (\u03a9).<\/span>\u00a0M\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u1ea5p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 200 ohms, cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  4. Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed B\u1eacT.<\/span>\u00a0D\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y, ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i (n\u01a1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o) c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ng\u00e0m thanh d\u1eabn (n\u01a1i thanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n). N\u1ebfu tay g\u1ea1t c\u1ea7u dao \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng (B\u1eacT), \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u1ea5p, th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t \u00f4m. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o n\u00e0o dao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0i \u00f4m s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n\/r\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00ean trong c\u1ea7u dao.<\/li>\n
  5. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed T\u1eaeT.<\/span>\u00a0Xoay c\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed T\u1eaeT v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb OL \u2013 M\u1ea1ch h\u1edf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0o khi c\u1ea7u dao \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed T\u1eaeT, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecb h\u00e0n d\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ebft carbon, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u dao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
  6. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea7u dao hai c\u1ef1c 240 volt, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng c\u1ef1c ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/span>\u00a0C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u1ef1c s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t; do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ef1c b\u00ean tr\u00e1i (t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn thanh d\u1eabn) v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed7i c\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 0 \u00f4m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 B\u1eacT) v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf khi \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1eaeT); do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1c n\u00e0o b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7u dao s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n nghi ng\u1edd n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n phun. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb <\/span>T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Fluke<\/a> B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra r\u01a1le v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea7u dao. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u0169, c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00ec g\u1ecdi th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i: Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng.<\/h2>\n

    C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i, do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n